A makon da ya gabata ne Gwamnatin Tarayya ta jaddada ƙudirinta na ganin ta kawar da cutar zazzaɓin cizon sauro a Nijeriya nan da shekarar 2030. An sabunta alƙawarin ne a wajen ƙaddamar da shirin kawar da cutar zazzaɓin cizon sauro a Legas wanda ƙaramin Ministan Lafiya da Walwalar Jama’a, Dakta Iziaƙ Adekunle Salako ya yi.
Ya ce haɗa kai da tsare-tsaren gwamnatin tarayya zai sa Nijeriya ta samu ci gaba wajen kawar da cutar zazzaɓin cizon sauro. Taron ya samu halartar masu ruwa da tsaki da suka haɗa da Bankin Duniya da Hukumar Lafiya ta Duniya (WHO) da Gwamnan Jihar Legas Babajide Sanwo-Olu.
Ana sa ran samun nasarar shirin zai ba da gudunmawa ga ƙoƙarin Nijeriya na kawar da cutar zazzaɓin cizon sauro nan da shekarar 2030. Shirin, wanda gwamnatin jihar Legas ta ɓullo da shi, na da nufin inganta hanyoyin gano cutar zazzaɓin cizon sauro, kula, da bin diddigin hanyoyin magance cutar a jihar Legas.
Ministan ya ce, wannan shiri wani ɓangare ne na shirin ‘Rethinking Malaria’ na ma’aikatar lafiya ta tarayya, wanda aka ƙaddamar a watan Afrilun 2024, inda ya bayyana cewa jihar Legas tana da mafi ƙarancin cutar zazzaɓin cizon sauro a Nijeriya, inda aka samu kashi 2 a shekarar 2021.
Ya ci gaba da cewa, shirin ya mayar da hankali kan cibiyoyi masu zaman kansu, kuma yana da matuƙar muhimmanci ganin yadda kusan kashi 50 zuwa 60 na marasa lafiya ke neman magani a cibiyoyin lafiya masu zaman kansu.
Salako ya tabbatar wa ‘yan Nijeriya cewa da sauye-sauyen da aka samu a gwamnatin Amurka, manufofin samar da kuɗaɗen kiwon lafiya a duniya ba za su yi illa ga shirin kawar da cutar zazzaɓin cizon sauro a ƙasar ba, inda shugaba Bola Ahmed Tinubu ya amince da wata hanyar da za ta tabbatar da samar da isassun kuɗaɗe.
Yaƙin da ake yi na shawo kan ko kuma kawo ƙarshen bala’in a ƙasar ya zama kamar na har abada. Gwamnatoci da suka shuɗe sun ɓullo da wasu tsare-tsare a cikin ‘yan shekarun nan da nufin kuɓutar da ‘yan Nijeriya masu rauni daga cutar. A shekarar 2021, gwamnatin Buhari ta ƙaddamar da tsarin dabarun yaƙi da zazzaɓin cizon sauro na ƙasa (NMSP 2021 – 2025). An yi shi ne da nufin rage mace-macen daga sanadin zazzaɓin cizon sauro da yaɗuwa da kuma inganta hanyoyin rigakafin cutar zazzaɓin cizon sauro da kuma magani. Kafin wannan lokacin, akwai wasu tsare-tsare kamar Shirin Cizon Sauro na ‘Roll Back’ (RBMP) wanda ya ƙarfafa amfani da gidajen sauro da aka yi wa magani. Duk da wannan haɗin kai, har yanzu zazzaɓin cizon sauro na ci gaba da zama babban aalubalen kiwon lafiya a ƙasar.
A gaskiya, babu wanda ya tsira daga harin zazzaɓin cizon sauro. Cutar tana da matuƙar tasiri kuma tana kashe mutane da sauri fiye da kowace cuta a wurare masu zafi – waɗanda suka fi fuskantar haɗari a cikin waɗanda ke fama da ita sune jarirai ’yan ƙasa da biyar saboda ƙarancin rigakafi. Idan cutar zazzaɓin cizon sauro ta kama mata masu juna biyu, tana iya haifar da zubar da ciki ko nakasar haihuwa. A cikin wuraren da ake fama da cutar, aƙalla biyu cikin kowane mata masu juna biyu 10 na mutuwa cikin wannan barazanar.
Wannan bala’in ya dagula al’amura, musamman a ƙasashe masu tasowa, Majalisar Kiwon Lafiya ta Duniya, ƙungiyar da ta yanke shawara ta WHO, a watan Mayun 2007, ta ware ranar 25 ga watan Afrilu a kowace shekara, a matsayin ranar yaƙi da cutar zazzaɓin cizon sauro ta duniya, tare da babban manufar samar da ilimi da fahimtar cutar zazzaɓin cizon sauro, da yaɗa dabarun yaƙi da cutar zazzabin cizon sauro na ƙasa, da suka haɗa da ayyukan yaƙi da cutar zazzaɓin cizon sauro.
Kimanin shekaru hudu ko fiye da suka gabata, hukumar ta WHO ta amince da yin allurar rigakafin cutar zazzaɓin cizon sauro da ta addabi Afirka da sauran ƙasashe masu zafi na duniya shekaru aru-aru. Yunƙurin bincike game da rigakafin ya kasance yana gudana tsawon shekaru. Duk da haka, da yawa ba su yi imani cewa za a taɓa samun ci gaba ba.
Alurar riga kafi – Mosƙuiriɗ ko RTS.S – wani sanannen kamfanin ƙera magunguna na Burtaniya ne, GlaɗoSmithKline, ya ƙirƙire shi. A cewar rahotanni, an yi allurar rigakafin sama da miliyan 2.3 ga jarirai, waɗanda suka fi fama da rauni, a ƙasashen Ghana, Kenya da Malawi.
Darakta-janar na hukumar ta WHO Dr. Tedros Adhanom Ghebreyesus, wanda ya sanar da samun nasarar, ya ce, “Wannan allura ce da masana kimiya na Afirka suka samar a Afirka kuma muna alfahari da ita.”
Zazzabin cizon sauro cuta ce da sauro ke sakar wa mutane. Kuma tana yaɗuwa a yankuna masu zafi da na wurare masu zafi, ciki har da yawancin yankin kudu da hamadar sahara, Asiya da Amurka. Akwai sama da nau’in cutar zazzaɓin cizon sauro 100, mafi muni shi ne ‘Plasmodium Falciparum’, da aka samu a Afirka inda kusan kusan 400,000 ke mutuwa a kowace shekara.
Cutar ta samo asali ne daga yawaitar ƙwayoyin cutar zazzaɓin cizon sauro a cikin ƙwayoyin jajayen jini, suna haifar da alamun da yawanci suka haɗa da zazzaɓi da ciwon kai, kuma a wasu lokuta kashe mutum. Zazzabin cizon sauro ba wai kawai cuta ce da ake dangantawa da talauci ba har ma tana haifar da fatara da babban cikas ga ci gaban tattalin arziki. An danganta cutar da babban mummunan tasirin tattalin arziki a yankunan da ta yaɗu.
Don haka, muna kira ga Gwamnatin Tarayya da ta yi aiki tare da sauran matakan gwamnati don ganin cewa nan da 2030 manufa ta zama gaskiya maimakon abin kunya kamar yadda aka shaida a shekarun baya.