Daga SAMINU ALHASSAN
Yayin da ƙasashe masu raunin tattalin arziki a sassan duniya daban daban ke ɗanɗana raɗaɗin tasirin sauyin yanayi, wata matsalar dake tunkaro duniya ita ce yadda wasu manyan ƙasashe ke jan kafa wajen sauke nauyin dake kan su na ba da tallafin kare muhalli.
A wasu yankunan karkarar ƙasar Kenya ga misali, mutane na fuskantar mummunan yanayin fari. Wasu yankunan ma sun shafe shekaru 2 ba tare da samun ruwan sama ba, sakamakon haka tsirrai da dabbobi sun mutu kana al’ummu da yawansu ya kai miliyan 4 za su buƙaci agajin abinci cikin watanni masu zuwa. Baya ga ƙasar Kenya, a nahiyar Asiya Bangladesh na kashe kuɗi har dala biliyan 2 a duk shekara, a ayyukan magance tasirin sauyin yanayi, yayin da kuma wasu tsibiran ƙasar ke fuskantar barazanar ɓacewa daga duniya baki ɗaya.
Sassan ƙasa da ƙasa sun lura da wannan ƙalubale, kuma a shekarar 2010, MDD ta kafa asusun GCF mai samar da tallafi ga ƙasashe masu tasowa a ayyukan inganta yanayi, musamman daƙile tasirin hayaƙi mai ɗumama yanayi.
To sai dai kuma a baya bayan nan, wannan asusu ya yi gargaɗin cewa, akwai yiwuwar dakatar da irin waɗannan ayyuka a kasashe masu tasowa idan har manyan ƙasashe suka gaza samar da kuɗaɗen da suka alƙawarta.
Masu rajin kare muhalli da dama sun zargi ƙasar Amurka, ɗaya daga manyan kasashen dake tallafawa asusun GCF da gazawa, wajen sauke nauyin da ke wuyanta na samar da kason kuɗaɗe.
A shekarar 2014, lokacin tsohuwar gwamnatin Barack Obama, gwamnatin Amurka ta alƙawarta GCF tallafin dala biliyan 3, amma har zuwa ƙarshen wa’adin ta dala biliyan 1 kacal ta bayar. Shi kuwa magajin sa Donald Trump, ko taro bai baiwa asusun na GCF ba. A yanzu kuma, asusun na bin gwamnatin Joe Biden bashin tallafin dala biliyan 2.
A shekarar 2019, ƙasashe 13 mafi yawa daga nahiyar Turai, da Koriya ta kudu da New Zealand sun sha alwashin ninka tallafin da suke samarwa asusun na GCF domin cimma nasarar ayyukan shekarun 2020 zuwa 2023. Bisa jimilla, ƙungiyar EU ta samar da kuɗi har dala biliyan 9 ga asusun. Sai dai kuma cikin dala biliyan 17 da suka shiga asusun, kaso 6 bisa ɗari ne kacal ya fito daga Amurka, duk da kasancewarta kan gaba a duniya wajen fitar da hayaƙi mai ɗumama yanayi.
Ko shakka babu, Amurka ta gaza wajen sauya alƙiblar ga sassan makamashi marasa gurbata yanayi cikin shekaru 10 da suka gabata. A shekarar 2017 da 2018, ta tallafa da kuɗin kare muhallin ƙasa da wanda ƙasashen Faransa, da Jamus da Japan ko Birtaniya suka bayar, duk kuwa da cewa tattalin arzikinta ita kaɗai, ya zarce na waɗannan ƙasashe idan an haɗe su baki ɗaya.