A duk shekara ɗaruruwa dubbai na yara ne ke mutuwa sakamakon zazzaɓin cizon. Sai dai yanzu wata allurar riga-kafin maleriya da aka yi gwajinta a Afirka ta ba da sakamako mai ƙarfafa gwiwa.
Sama da mutane dubu 400 zazzaɓin cizon sauro ya yi ajalinsu a shekarar 2019. Sakamakon sabuwar allurar riga-kafin da aka wallafa a mujallar kimiyya ta The Lancet, kuma yanzu haka ake jiran a sake yin bincike kanta, ya nuna cewa riga-kafin samfurin R21/Matrix-M na da ingancin kashi 77 cikin 100, bayan an shafe wata 12 ana gwajinsa.
Hakan ya dace da mizanin Hukumar Lafiya ta Duniya, WHO, cewa ingancin riga-kafin maleriya ya haura kashi 75 cikin 100. Yara 450 masu watanni haihuwa daga 5 zuwa 17, aka yi musu gwajin riga-kafin kuma ba a ga wani zazzaɓi mai tsanani a kan su ba. Yanzu haka dai masu binciken sun ƙara yawan waɗanda za a yi wa riga-kafin don tabbatar da fa’ida da ingancinsa a kan yara 4800 daga watan haihuwa 5 zuwa 36 a ƙasashe huɗu na Afirka.
Julian Rayner mai bincike ne kan maleriya kuma daraktan cibiyar binciken kimiyya a jami’ar Cambridge da ke Birtaniya, ya bayyana sakamakon da abin ƙarfafa gwiwa.
Ya ce, “abu ne mai ƙarfafa gwiwa sosai da kuma ke tuni cewa maleriya babbar matsala ce da ke tare da mu, tana kuma buƙatar sabbin maslahohi cikin gaggawa. Gwaji ne da ke a matakin farko, bayanan sun gamsar ko da ya ke yara kaɗan ne aka yi wa rigakafin, amma ya ba mu kwari gwiwa na mu faɗaɗa shi.”
Zazzaɓin cizon sauron dai cuta ce mai barazana ga rayukan mutane wanda macen sauro ke yaɗa ƙwayoyinta bayan ta ciji mutum. Hukumar WHO ta yi kiyasin cewa a 2019 muatne miliyan 229 suka kamu da maleriya a faɗin duniya, musamman a nahiyar Afirka inda aka yi rajistar kashi 94 cikin 100 na cutar da kuma waɗanda ta yi ajalinsu a 2019. Yara ‘yan ƙasa da shekara biyar ke da kashi 67 cikin 100 na waɗanda maleriya ke sanadin mutuwarsu a faɗin duniya. Sai Julian Ryaner na jami’ar Cambridge ya ce, mutane da ke zaune a wuraren da aka fi fama malerya kuma suke yawan kamuwa da ita, jikinsu kan sama musu wata garkuwa.
Ya ce, “wannan ba cikakkiyar garkuwa ba ce ga cutar, ba ya nufin ba saka sake kamuwa da ita ba, amma zazzaɓin ba zai yi tsanani sosai ba. Saboda haka zazzaɓin ya fi tsanani jikin yara ƙanana.”
Idan aka yi magani da wuri, wanda ya kamu da maleriya zai murmuje, amma idan ta yi tsanani da wahala magunguna su yi wani tasiri. Haka zalika akwai kuma matsala ta bijirewa magunguna. Domin kwayoyin maleriya na da tarihin bijirewa magunguna, saboda haka allurar riga-kafi mai inganci sosai ke da matuƙar muhimmanci a cewar masana. Wassalam.
Daga Mustapha Musa Muhammad, Ɗalibi a fannin karatun Injiniyancin Sinadarai (Chemical Engineering) a makarantar Federal Polytechnic Kaduna, 09123302968.