Tarihin Jamhuriyar Nijar (II)

Daga MAHDI M. MUHAMMAD

A yau za mu cigaba daga inda muka tsaya a makon da ya gabata, inda muka fara kawo tarihin Jamhuriyar Nijar.

Tillaberi:

A shekarar 1992 ne aka ƙirƙiro yankin Tillaberi lokacin da aka raba yankin Niamey.

Yankin na da girman murabba’in kilo mita 89,623, kuma ƙidayar jama’a ta shekara ta 2001, ta nuna yawan jama’ar yankin ya kai 1’889,515.

Yawancin mazauna Tillaberi Zabarmawa ne waɗanda sana’arsu noma da kasuwanci ne.

Tillabery shi ne yankin Nijar kaɗai da ke makwabtaka da ƙasar Burkina Faso, inda ya ke iyaka da yankin Seno ta Yammaci da Yagha ta Kudu maso yamma da Komondjari da Tapoa.

Sai yankin Gao na ƙasar Mali da Alibori na ƙasar Benin.

Zinder:

Yankin Zinder ko Damagaram na da girman murabba’in kilo mita 145,430, kuma ƙidayar da aka yi a shekara ta 2001 ta nuna yawan jama’ar yankin sun kai 2,080,250.

Ƙabilun da ke zaune a yankin Zinder sun haɗa da Hausawa da Kanuri da Fulani da Larabawa da Abzinawa. Har zuwa shekara ta 1926, birnin Zinder ne babban birnin Nijar.

Yawancin tattalin arzikin yankin Zinder ya dogara kan noma da kiwo da kuma kasuwanci.

Yankin Zinder na maƙwabtaka da wasu jihohin Nijeriya kamar jihar Jigawa ta Kudu sai jihar Katsina ta Kudu maso Yamma.
A cikin gida kuma yankin Zinder na iyaka da Agadez ta Arewaci da Diffa ta Gabashi da Maradi ta Yammaci.

Niamey:

Niamey shi ne babban birnin Jamhuriyar Nijar, wanda shi ne birni mafi girma a ƙasar, da ke da girman murabba’in kilo mita 239.30.

Tun a ƙarni na 18 ne aka ƙirƙiro Niamey, sai dai a wancan lokacin ba’a ɗauke shi da wani muhimmanci ba har sai bayan da Faransa ta kafa cibiyarta a wajen a shekarun 1890.

A shekarar 1926 ya zamo babbar birnin ƙasar ta Nijar. Sannu a hankali yawan jama’ar yankin ya yi ta ƙaruwa daga 3,000 a shekarar 1930 zuwa kimanin 30,000 a shekarar 1960.

Yawan jama’ar Niamey ya kai 250,000 a 1980, a shekara ta 2000 kuma 800,000.
Babban musabbabin ƙaruwar jama’a a Niamey shi ne na yawan ƙaurar jama’a a lokutan fari.

A matsayinsa na babban birnin Jamhuriyar Nijar, akwai wuraren tarihi da suka haɗa da gidan tarihi na ƙasa da gidan zoo, akwai kuma cibiyoyin nuna al’adun gargajiya na Amurka da Faransa da Nijar.

Haka nan kuma, akwai manyan kasuwanni bakwai a birnin.

Kashi 90 cikin 100 na jama’ar Niamey Musulmai ne, anan ne kuma ake da hedkwatar mabiya ɗariƙar Kirista ta Roman Katolika.

Ƙasar wacce ke fama da matsanancin fari, na faɗi-tashin ciyar da jama’arta.
Babban abin da ta ke fitarwa dai shi ne ma’adanin Uranium wanda shi ma a shekarun baya ya fuskanci rashin tabbacin farashi, yayin da kwararowar hamada ke barazana ga aikin noma.

Amma a gefe guda ƙasar na fatan fara hako man fetur wanda ka iya bunƙasa tattalin arzikinta.

Bayan samun ‘yancin kai, ƙasar ta fuskanci mummunan fari wanda ya lalata albarkatun noma.

Ƙasar dai ba ta da wani tsarin ilimin Firamare na azo a gani, abin da ya sa take cikin jerin ƙasashen da ke fama da rashin ingantaccen ilimi a duniya.

Harkar lafiya ma ba ta da kyau sosai, kuma akwai yaɗuwar cututtuka a ko’ina cikin ƙasar.

A lokuta da dama ƙasar ta yi fama da boren
‘yan tawayen Abzinawa a Arewacin ƙasar.
Sai dai a shekara ta 2009, gwamnati da ‘yan tawayen sun sanya hannu kan yarjejeniyar samar da zaman lafiya a birnin Tripoli na ƙasar Libya.

Shugaban mulkin soji: Salou Djibo:

An bayyana babban jami’in soji Salou Djibo, a matsayin shugaban gwamnatin sojin ƙasar, bayan da sojoji suka hamvarar da gwamnatin shugaba Mamadou Tandja a watan Fabrairun shekara ta 2010.

Jami’an sojin sun yi alƙawarin mayar da ƙasar kan tafarkin dimokraɗiyya, sannan suka naɗa Fira minista farars hula Dr Mahamadou Danda, a matsayin shugaban gwamnati.

Hukumomin sun kuma haramtawa kansu da kuma jami’an gwamnatin riƙon ƙwariya, shiga harkokin zaɓen ƙasar.

Juyin mulkin ya sa Tarayyar Afrika ta dakatar da ƙasar daga ƙungiyar, sai dai ƙasashen duniya sun yi taka tsantsan wajen Allah wadai da matakin da sojojin suka ɗauka, inda suka neme su da su maida ƙasar kan tafarkin dimokraɗiyya.

An haifi shugaba Janar Salou Djibo a shekarar 1965 a Arewacin yankin Tillaberi.

Ya samu horon soji a ƙasashen Ivory Cost da China da Morocco, sannan ya yi aiki da tawagar sojin ƙasar da ta yi aikin kiyaye zaman lafiya ƙarƙashin Majalisar Ɗinkin Duniya a ƙasashen Ivory Cost da jamhuriyar Congo.

Gwamnati ce ke da mallakin kusan baki ɗayan kafafen yaɗa labaran ƙasar, sai dai a ‘yan shekarun nan an samu ƙaruwar kafafen yaɗa labarai masu zaman kansu.

Kafar Rediyo ita ce hanya mafi sauƙi da girma ta samun labarai a Nijar, akwai kuma jaridu na gwamnati da masu zaman kansu.

Gidan Radiyon Faransa na watsa shirinsa ta tashar FM a biranen Yamai da Maradi da kuma Zindar. Haka kuma ana kama BBC a zangon FM a gidajen rediyo masu zaman kansu da dama.

Akwai kuma masu amfani da hanyar sadarwa ta Intanet kimanin dubu tamanin a watan Yuni na shekara ta 2009.