A yayin da Najeriya ke fama da ƙarancin kuɗaɗen shiga, adadin kamfanonin da gwamnati ta yafe wa biyan haraji ya ƙaru zuwa 105 a ƙarshen watan Disamba na shekarar 2024. Wannan lamari ya faru ne duk da taɓarɓarewar kuɗaɗen shiga da gwamnatin ke fuskanta, da kuma shirin dakatar da tsarin a wani ɓangare na sabon tsarin ƙarfafa tattalin arzikin ƙasa.
Wasu daga cikin manyan kamfanonin da suka samu wannan rangwame sun haɗa da Ɗangote Fertilisers, BUA Group, da Mikano International Limited. Hukumar kula da zuba jari ta Najeriya (NIPC) ce ta bayyana hakan a rahoton da ta fitar, inda ta ce a zangon ƙarshe na shekarar, an ƙara kamfanoni 22 zuwa cikin jerin waɗanda ke cin gajiyar shirin Pioneer Status Incentive. Wannan ya kawo jimillar kamfanonin da ke amfana da tsarin zuwa 105. A baya dai, adadin kamfanonin da ke cin gajiyar rangwamen ya kai 104 a zangon farko, 88 a zango na biyu, sai kuma 83 a zango na uku.
Shirin Pioneer Status Incentive wata dama ce da gwamnatin tarayya ke bayarwa ƙarƙashin dokar Industrial Development Income Tax Act, inda take daina karɓar haraji daga sabbin kamfanonin da ke zuba jari a wasu muhimman ɓangarorin tattalin arziki, na tsawon shekaru uku. Sai dai shirin ya fuskanci suka daga masana da dama, saboda yadda ake rasa kuɗaɗen shiga masu yawa. Rahotanni sun nuna cewa gwamnatin na iya rasa kusan Naira tiriliyan takwas duk shekara sakamakon wannan rangwame.
Babban shugaban hukumar tara haraji ta ƙasa (FIRS), Zacch Adedeji, ya bayyana a wani taro na Tax Expenditure Workshop cewa rashin ingantattun bayanai daga hukumomin gwamnati ya hana tantance ainihin ribar da ake samu daga shirin. Ya ce, “rangwamen haraji ba sa yin tasiri yadda ya kamata idan ba a daidaita su da amfanin da ƙasa ke samu daga kamfanonin da suka amfana ba.”
Don gyara wannan matsala, gwamnatin ta gabatar da sabbin ƙudirin dokoki guda huɗu, da suka haɗa da wani sabon tsari mai suna Economic Development Incentive (EDI), wanda zai maye gurbin Pioneer Status. Sabon tsarin zai mayar da hankali ne kan sassa masu tasiri kamar masana’antu, ayyukan more rayuwa da sabis, tare da sanya mafi ƙarancin jarin da kamfani zai saka kafin samun rangwamen. Alal misali, kamfanonin da ke ɓangaren makamashi ko iskar gas za su buƙaci saka jarin da ya kai Naira biliyan 200 kafin su cancanci wannan sabuwar dama.
Rahoton da aka fitar ya ƙara da cewa a tsakanin Oktoba da Disamba na 2024 kaɗai, kamfanoni 89 ne suka gabatar da sabbin buƙatun neman wannan rangwame, yayin da ake jiran amincewa daga wasu 213. A halin yanzu kuma, an amince da buƙatun wasu 34, yayin da aka ƙara wa wasu kamfanoni 14 izinin ci gaba da amfana har zuwa shekara ta 2027.
A cewar rahoton, jimillar jarin da kamfanoni 107 suka zuba a shekarar 2024 ya kai Naira tiriliyan 2.53, inda suke aiki a sassa daban-daban ciki har da masana’antu, harkar wutar lantarki da iskar gas, sinadarai, sadarwa, gini, yawon buɗe ido da kuma tsaftar muhalli.
Kamfanonin da suka amfana sun haɗa da Ɗangote Fertilisers, Sinotrucks West Africa, Jigawa Rice, Greenville LNG, da Auxano Solar, tare da wasu kamfanoni masu tasowa a faɗin ƙasar.
