Matakin da shugaban ƙasa Bola Tinubu ya ɗauka na tsawaita wa’adin ritayar likitoci da sauran ma’aikatan lafiya zuwa shekaru 65 ya haifar da cece-kuce a ɓangaren kiwon lafiya a Nijeriya. Yayin da wannan sauye-sauyen manufofin ke da nufin magance matsalar ƙarancin ma’aikatan kiwon lafiya, hakan ya haifar da ɓarkewar rikici a tsarin kiwon lafiyar ƙasar.
Halin da ake ciki a fannin kiwon lafiya a Nijeriya ya kai wani matsayi mai ban tsoro yayin da ƙwararrun likitocin ke ci gaba da neman damammakin wiraren aiki a ƙasashen waje inda ake biyan su albashi mai tsoka. ƙididdigar ta haifar da yanayi mara daɗi bisa ga shawarwarin Hukumar Lafiya ta Duniya, yakamata a sami likita guda ga kowane marasa lafiya 6,000. Duk da haka, adadin da Nijeriya ke da shi a halin yanzu ya kai kusan likita ɗaya ga majinyata 10,000, wanda ke nuna tsananin ƙarancin likitoci da ke yin illa ga kiwon lafiya.
Tasiri wannan ƙaura yana ƙara fitowa fili yayin nazarin bayanan kwanan nan. A cikin rubu’in farko na shekarar 2023, Ministan Lafiya Muhammad Pate ya bayyana cewa likitoci 16,000 ne suka yi ƙaura, inda likitoci 55,000 ne kawai suka bar wajen kula da al’ummar da ta zarce miliyan 200. Jimillar ma’aikatan kiwon lafiya kusan 300,000 ƙwararru, ciki har da ma’aikatan jinya, ungozoma, masu harhaɗa magunguna, da masana kimiyyar ɗakin gwaje-gwaje duk sun ƙauracewa biyan buƙatun kiwon lafiyar al’umma.
An sanar da aiwatar da wannan sabuwar manufar yin ritaya a hukumance ta hannun mai kula da harkokin lafiya da walwalar jama’a, Farfesa Muhammad Pate, wanda aka umurce shi da ya gabatar da neman amincewar majalisar ƙasar ta ofishin shugaban ma’aikata. Wannan ci gaban ya daidaita Nijeriya sosai da ƙa’idojin duniya, inda shekarun ritaya na awararrun likitocin suka bambanta sosai a cikin ƙasashe da fannoni.
Batun ritayar ƙwararrun likitoci a aasashen duniya yana da ban sha’awa: a cikin Amurka, bisa ga binciken ƙungiyar likitocin Amurka ta 2016, likitoci yawanci suna yin ritaya a kusan shekaru 66, tare da bambance-bambance masu muhimmanci a cikin fannoni daban-daban. A cikin Ingila, likitoci yawanci suna yin ritaya daga Ma’aikatar Kiwon Lafiya ta ƙasa a kusan shekaru 62 na duka jinsi.
Duk da haka, tsawaita shekarun yin ritaya daga shekaru 60 ko shekaru 35 na hidima zuwa shekaru 65 ba shi ne kaɗai ke ci wa fannin kiwon lafiya tiwo a ƙwarya ba. Akwai wasu muhimman batutuwa da suka addabi tsarin kiwon lafiyar Nijeriya, waɗanda suke buƙatar ingantaccen tsari. Rikicin da ya ɓarke a Asibitin Kwalejin Jami’ar Ibadan, inda aka kwashe sama da kwanaki 100 babu wutar lantarki saboda yawan kuɗin wutar lantarki, ya nuna ƙalubalen tsarin da cibiyoyin kiwon lafiya ke fuskanta. Wannan cibiyar kiwon lafiya na farko, wanda ya samar da dubban likitocin da ke aiki a duk duniya, yana kokawa da buƙatun kayan more rayuwa.
Matsalolin suna farawa a matakin ilimi, inda ake samu. ƙarancin damar shiga makarantun likitanci, wanda ke haifar da cikas wajen samar da sabbin ƙwararrun kiwon lafiya. Hukumar shirya jarrabawar shiga makarantun gaba da sakandire ta JAMB a kodayaushe ta ce ana hana ɗalibai da dama da suka cancanta shiga shirin aikin likitanci saboda takurewar jami’o’i, wanda hakan ya taƙaita samun isassun ƙwararrun likitoci nan gaba.
Don warware matsalar kiwon lafiya da gaske, dole ne gwamnati ta ba da fifiko ga muhimman fannoni da yawa: Na farko, saka hannun jari mai yawa a cikin kayayyakin aikin kiwon lafiya. Na biyu, cikakken tsarin biyan albashi wanda zai taimaka wajen riƙe ƙwararru. Na uku, faɗaɗa wuraren horar da likitoci da shirye-shirye zai tabbatar da ci gaba da samar da sabbin ma’aikatan kiwon lafiya
