Daga MAHDI MUSA MUHAMMAD
Jihohi da ƙananan hukumomi a Nijeriya sun samu gagarumin sauƙi a nauyin bashin bankuna, bayan sun biya kusan Naira Biliyan 547.5 cikin shekara guda, sakamakon ƙaruwar kuɗaɗen da suke samu daga Asusun Tarayya (FAAC).
Wannan ci gaban na nuni da wani sabon salo a tafiyar kuɗin gwamnatocin ƙananan matakai, inda aka fara fifita rage bashi maimakon dogaro da tsadar rance daga bankuna.
Bayanai daga sabon rahoton ƙididdigar Babban Bankin Nijeriya (CBN) sun nuna cewa jimillar bashin da bankuna ke bin jihohi da ƙananan hukumomi ya ragu daga naira tiriliyan 2.68 a watan Yunin 2024 zuwa naira tiriliyan 2.13 a Yunin 2025. Wannan na nufin an samu ragin kusan kashi 20.4 cikin ɗari cikin shekara guda, alamar wani yunƙuri mai tsauri na gyara harkar bashi a matakin jihohi da ƙananan hukumomi.
Rahoton ya kuma nuna cewa a farkon 2024, bashin ya kai naira tiriliyan 2.73, amma zuwa Janairun 2025 ya ragu zuwa naira tiriliyan 2.44, abin da ke nuna an biya sama da naira biliyan 292 a cikin watanni goma sha biyu. Duk da cewa an samu ƙananan hauhawa a watannin Fabrairu da Maris na 2025, daga baya an sake komawa tafarkin sauƙi, har zuwa gagarumin ragi da aka samu a watan Yuni, wanda shi ne mafi girma a lokaci guda cikin wannan zangon.
Masana tattalin arziƙi na danganta wannan sauyi ne da tsauraran matakan manufofin kuɗi da CBN ya zauka tun 2024. A wancan lokaci, Kwamitin Manufofin Kuzi (MPC) ya daga farashin rance daga kashi 18.75 zuwa kashi 27.50 cikin ɗari domin shawo kan hauhawar farashi da daidaita darajar naira. Ko da yake a 2025 an samu dan rangwame zuwa kashi 27.00, har yanzu rancen banki ya kasance mai tsada, lamarin da ya tilasta gwamnatocin jihohi da ƙananan hukumomi komawa kan biyan basussuka.
A lokaci guda kuma, kuɗaɗen da ake rabawa ta FAAC sun karu matuƙa. Bayanai daga Ofishin Akanta-Janar na Tarayya sun nuna cewa jihohi da ƙananan hukumomi sun samu naira tiriliyan 12.67 a 2025, idan aka kwatanta da naira tiriliyan 8.96 a 2024, ba tare da la’akari da kuɗin kashi 13 cikin zari na man fetur ba. Wannan karin sama da naira tiriliyan 3.7 ya ba su damar samun sassauci wajen biyan basussuka da rage dogaro da rance.
Jihohi su ne suka fi amfana da wannan ƙarin kuɗi, inda rabonsu ya tashi daga naira tiriliyan 5.19 zuwa naira tiriliyan 7.31, yayin da ƙananan hukumomi ma suka samu karin sama da naira tiriliyan 1.5. Wannan yanayi ya tabbatar da cewa ƙaruwar kuɗin shiga na iya taka muhimmiyar rawa wajen gyara tsarin bashi da inganta tafiyar da kuɗi.
Sai dai duk da wannan ci gaba, har yanzu akwai damuwa kan ɗorewar tattalin arziƙin wasu jihohi. Hukumar NEITI ta yi gargaɗi cewa wasu jihohi na ci gaba da fama da nauyin bashi duk da karin kuɗaɗen da suke samu, yayin da Hukumar DMO ta buƙaci jihohi su daina dogaro da rance, su mai da hankali kan haɓaka kuɗaɗen shiga da haɗin gwiwar jama’a da masu zaman kansu.
A ƙarshe, rage bashin bankuna da jihohi da ƙananan hukumomi suka yi wata alama ce ta kyakkyawan sauyi a tsarin tafiyar da kuɗi. Amma wannan nasara ba za ta dore ba matuwar ba a haza ta da tsare-tsaren bunƙasa tattalin arziƙi, gaskiya da kuma ingantaccen tsarin kashe kuɗi ba. ƙaruwar kuɗin kason FAAC dama ce, amma yadda za a yi amfani da ita ne zai tantance makomar tattalin arzikin jihohi da ƙananan hukumomi a Nijeriya.
