Daga JAMIL GULMA a Kebbi
Zabarma, kamar yadda Bahaushe ke kiran wannan ƙabilar kenan, amma dai ana kiran su Zerma ko kuma Djerma Zerma, Zaberma, Zabarma Zabermawa, Djerma, Dyerma (Jerma), wani sashe na tarihi ya bayyana sun fito ne daga wani yanki daga ƙasar Mali, inda suka mamaye wani mafi yawancin kudu maso yammacin Jamhuriyar Nijar da Mali da Ghana, Ivory Coast, Togo da Sudan da wani sashe da ta yi iyaka da Nijeriya ta yamma a jihohin Sokoto da Kebbi Burkina Faso.
Zabarmawa, waɗanda Musulmi ne masu bin tafarkin sunni, haka zalika kamar yadda kowace ƙabila, Zabarmawa suna da nasu al’adu daban-daban na zamantakewa zuwa sana’o’i, don neman abinci da kuma tafiyar da rayuwa na yau da kullum, suna noma da kiwo da ƙere-ƙere da dai sauran sana’o’i.
Duk da ya ke yaren ya ɗan karkasu gidaje daban-daban, amma dai duk suna jin yaren juna ba tare da wahala ba kuma mutane ne masu son zama lafiya da kyakykyawar mu’amala da abokan zamansu, inda har ana yi musu laƙabi da Zarma-Songhay ko kuma Songhay-Zarma.
A wata ƙididdiga, duk da ya ke lambar tana iya canjawa bisa ga wani dalili, amma dai yawansu an ce ya kai 5,162,323. A Jamhuriyar Nijar sun kai 5,004,423, a Nijeriya akwai
113,000, a ƙasar Benin (Dahomey) akwai 38,000, a ƙasar Ghana akwai 6,900, a ƙasar Burkina Faso akwai 1,100.
A duk inda ka sami wannan ƙabilar suna da tsari irin na shugabanci tun kama daga Zarmakwai (Soultane Du Dossou) har zuwa manyan sarakuna har zuwa hakimai da dagatai da kuma masu unguwanni, kuma tsarinsu yana tafiya tare da shari’ar Musulunci, wacce ta yi daidai da al’adunsu.
Babban abincin waɗannan mutanen shine dambu, sai kuma tuwo da kwaɗo da sauran nau’o’in abincin da ake sarrafawa da ganye.
Sai dai duk da irin wannan tarihi na Zabarmawa mai kyau akwai wata matsalar da ke addabar su ita ce yadda waɗansu daga cikinsu suke yi wa waɗansu kallon bayi sanadiyyar rungumar waɗansu sana’o’i da suka camfa cewa, sana’o’in bayi ne da suka haɗa da saƙa da ƙira da sassaƙa da gine-gine da wanzamci da fawa (sayar da nama) da maroƙan baki (masarta).
Wannan abin bai yi wa da yawa daɗi ba, wanda shi ne ya sanya sarakunan Zabarmawa da zaɓaɓɓun shugabanni suka ɗauki ɗamarar kawar da wannan bambance-banbancen tsakanin Zabarmawa.
Wakilin Bluerint Manhaja ya zanta da Soulmate na Dosso, Mai Girma Djermakoye Amadou Sounna Saidou, inda ya nuna rashin jin daɗinsa bisa ga yadda waɗansu daga cikin jinsin Zabarmawa ke tsangwamar waɗansu suna yi musu kallon bayi.
“Idan ka ɗauki mutum a matsayin bawa kamar ka kashe shi ne, saboda ka ɓata masa rayuwa, inji shi.
“Yanzu haka dai shugabnnin Zabarmawa mun ɗauki matakin kawar da wannan tsangwamar tsakanin ƙabilar Zabarmawa za mu ɗauki matakin haɗa kai, domin a gudu tare a tsira tare. Sana’o’i ba su zama silar da wani zai koma bawa illa dai hanya ce ta neman abinci da Allah ya ƙaddarawa kowane mutum.”
Mai Martaba Sarkin Kabin Argungu kuma Halifan Daular Muhammadu Kanta, da ya ke Argungu ce cibiyar masarautar kafin zuwan Turawan mulkin mallaka da suka raba, sai dai ƙasar ce aka raba yayin da ɓangaren cibiyar masarautar Zabarmawa da ke Dosso ta faɗo a cikin yankin Jamhuriyar Nijar, inda Turawan Faransa suka mallaka bai raba zumuncin da biyayyar da su ke yi wa masarautar Kabin Argungu ba.
Mai Martaba Sarkin Kabin Argungu, Alhaji Sama’ila Muhammad Mera, ya bayyana wa Wakilin Blueprint Manhaja cewa, wannan ba shi ne na farko ba, saboda ko a baya wannan masarautar ta yi irin wannan jan hankali da tsawatarwa ga Fulani da kuma su kansu mutanen da ke zaune a garuruwan Kabawa, inda ta nuna musu da cewa, dukkan mutane ɗaya ne, ba wani wanda ya fi wani, saboda haka ba zancen wannan bawan wannan ne.
Ya ƙara da cewa, “wannan wani jaye-jaye ne na waɗansu mutane, saboda wani dalili nasu na kansu, amma dai a musuluce ba wata hanyar da wani zai iya zama bawan wani sai ko dai a kamo shi a matsayin ganima a yaƙin Musulunci ko kuma a sayi bawa daga hannun ubagidansa ko kuma a gaje shi ko kuma makamancin waɗannan hanyoyin da shari’ar Musulunci ta tanada, amma idan ba ɗaya daga cikin waɗannan hanyoyin ba, to babu zancen wani bawan wani ne sanadiyyar rungumar waɗansu sana’o’i a matsayin hanyar neman abinci ba ya zama dalilin mutum ya zama bawa.”
Yanzu haka ita kanta Gwamnatin Jihar Kebbi a ƙarƙashin jagorancin Malam Nasir Idris ta tashi tsaye, don lalubo bakin zaren, don warware wannan matsalar tsakanin ’yan ƙabilar Zabarmawa a faɗin duniya, ba Nijeriya kaɗai ba, saboda samun cigaban ’yan uwantaka.
Sanadiyyar haka ne tun lokacin da ya karɓi ragamar mulki ya nemi masu ruwa da tsaki a shugabancin ’yan ƙabilar Zabarmawa da kowa ya bayar da tasa gudummawa, don ganin an kawo ƙarshen wannan bambance-banbancen.
Wani Bazabarme mai suna Hassan Abdullahi Bizo ya nuna rashin gamsuwarsa bisa ga irin wannan aƙidar.
Ya ce, “sanin kowa ne kashi 100 na Zabarmawa Musulmi ne, saboda haka kowa ya yarda da waɗannan hanyoyin da Musulunci ya yarda ta yadda za a iya samun bawa, saboda haka sana’a ba ta isa ta mayar da mutum bawa ba, saboda har ma daga cikin annabawan Allah akwai waɗanda suka aiwatar da ire-iren waɗannan sana’o’in da waɗansu daga cikin Zabarmawa ke ƙyama bisa ga aƙidar da ba ta da wani asali.
Binciken da wakilinmu ya gudanar dangane da wannan matsalar ya bayyana cewa, wannan matsalar ta daɗe tana ci wa waɗansu yan ƙabilar Zabarmawa tuwo a ƙwarya, inda har ta kai ga auratayya tana gagara tsakanin waɗansu mutane daga cikin ƙabilar ko da kuwa ana gari ɗaya an taso tare, .
Sai dai wani abin burgewa, duk da ƙamarin wannan matsalar, ba ta shafi waɗansu ƙabilu ba, saboda Zabarmawa, musamman mata, su kan auri Hausawa da waɗansu ƙabilu, saboda a cewarsu addini bai hana ba.
Haka zalika binciken ya nuna cewa, ’yan uwan Zabarmawa na farko su ne Gobirawa da yake su ’ya’yan Inna da Baba ne sai kuma Kabawa da Arawa da Yarabawa da Zoramawa da Dakarakari, sauran ƙabilu sai dai zama na amana da maƙotaka.
