Daga MAHDI M. MUHAMMAD
An haifi Elizabeth Alexandra Mary Windsor a ranar 21 ga Afirilun 1926, a wani gida da ke gefen dandalin Berkely a Landan, inda ta kasance ‘ya ta farko ga Albert, Basarake Duke na York, wanda shi ne da na biyu a wajen Sarki George V da mai ɗakinsa, mai laƙabin martabar sarauta ta Duchess, wadda a da sunanta ُElizabeth Bowes Lyon.
Elizabeth da ‘yar uwarta Margaret Rose, wadda aka haifa a shekarar 1930 sun yi karatu a gida, ƙarƙashin kulawar zuri’arsu a yanayi mai annashuwa da nuna ƙauna. Elizabeth ta samu matuƙar kusanci da mahaifinta da kakanta George V.
Tana da shekara 6, Elizabeth ta faɗa wa mai ba ta horon sukuwar doki, cewa, “tana da burin zama mace mai kimar matsayin daraja da ta mallaki dawakai da karnuka.”
An bayyana cewa, ta nuna alamun iya jan ragamar al’umma tun tana ƙarama. Winston Churchill, wanda a zamanin ya ke hanƙoron zama Firayiministan ƙasar, an jiyo daga gare shi, cewa, “tana da kwarjinin mulki, al’amarin da ke da ban mamaki ga yarinya ƙarama.”
An samar da ƙungiyar ‘yan mata masu aikin agaji na ‘Girl Guides’ irinta ta farko a fadar Buckinhgham, wadda aka kafa da manufar (Elizabeth) ta saba mu’amala da rukunin ‘yan matan da ke matakin shekarunta.
Saɓanin Karin tashe-tashen hankulan da aka yi fama da su a Turai, sabon Sarki, tare da matarsa Sarauniya Elizabeth, sun yi ƙoƙarin dawo da martabar sarauta a idon al’umma. Kwatankwacin ƙoƙarinsa bai faɗi ƙasa ba, tare da babbar ’yarsa.
A shekarar 1939, Gimbiya ‘yar shekara 13 ta raka sarki da sarauniya ziyarar kwalejin horar da jami’an sojan ruwa ta Dartmonth.
Ita da ‘yar uwarta sun samu rakiyar ɗan uwanta na nesa, Yarima Philip na ƙasar Girka (tsohuwar daular Greece).
Wannan ba shi ne karon farko na haɗuwarsu ba, amma shi ne karon farko da ta ji tana ƙaunarsa.
Yarima Philip ya riƙa kai ziyara ga danginsa ‘yan sarauta a duk sa’adda ya samu hutu daga aikin sojan ruwa, ta yadda zuwa shekarar 1944, lokacin Elizabeth na da shekara 18 ta bayyana ƙarara tana sonsa. Ta aje hotonsa a ɗakinta, kuma sun riƙa yin musayar wasiƙu (a tsakaninsu).
Wannan matashiyar Gimbiya ta shiga aikin wucin gadi na ATS a ƙarshen yaki, inda ta koyi tuƙi da gyaran babbar mota.
A ranar VE ta haɗu da iyalan gidan sarauta a fadar Buckingham lokacin da dubban mutane suka taru don murnar bikin kawo ƙarshen yaƙi a Turai.
Mun nemi izinin iyayena kan ko mun iya fita daga fada mun gane wa idonmu,'” kamar yadda ta tuna daga bisani.”
Na tuna muna jin tsoro a gane mu. Na tuna jerin mutanen da ba mu san su ba, sun haɗa maƙamai suna sakowa daga ɗakin taron Whitehall, ɗaukacinmu duk muna cike da farin ciki da annashuwar samun sa’ida.
Bayan kammala yaƙi burinta na son auren Philip ya haɗu da tarnaki daga ɓangarori da dama.
Sarki na ɗar-ɗar ɗin rabuwa da ‘yarsa, wadda ke da kusanci da shi, kuma lallai sai Philip ya sauya ƙasarsa ta haihuwa, al’amarin da ya haifar masa da kyara a wajen al’umma.
Rasuwar mahaifinta:
Burin waɗannan ma’aurata ya cika, inda a ranar 20 ga Nuwambar 1947 suka yi aure a Westminster Abbey.
Basarake Duke na Edinburgh, muƙamin da Philip ya samu, ya ci gaba da kasancewa jami’in sojan ruwa. A ɗan wani taƙaitaccen lokaci, aka tura shi Malta, lamarin da ya nuna yadda matasan ma’auratan suka dandana daɗin rayuwar aure.
An haifi ɗansu na farko, Charles a shekarar 1948, sai ‘yar uwarsa Anne da aka haifa a shekarar 1950.
Amma da Sarki ya yi fama da laulayin rashin jin daɗi a shekarun yaƙi, har cutarsa ta zama ta ajali, inda ya yi fama da ciwon dajin huhu da ta zama ta ajali, sanadiyyar yawan bankar hayaƙin taba.
A Janairun 1952, Elizabeth, lokacin tana da shekara 25 tare da Philip suka shirya tafiya yawon buɗe ido ƙasar waje.
Sarkin ya ƙi bin umarnin likita, inda ya tafi filin jirgin sama don ganin tashin ma’auratan. Wannan dai ya kasance ƙarshen ganin da Elizabeth ta yi wa mahaifinta.
Faɗuwar tasirin ƙarfin ikon Birtaniya ya zuzuta wutar ricikin mashigin rowan suez a shekarar1956, lokacin da ta bayyana ƙarara ƙungiyar ƙasashen rainon Birtaniya sun ƙasa yin katavus wajen haɗin gwiwar ɗaukar matakin da ya dace a lokacin rikici.
Shirin da aka yi na tura sojoji su shawo kan ƙasar Masar ya kasance barazana wajen mayar da mashigin ruwan Suez Canal mallakar ƙasa, inda aka karke da naɗe tabarmar kunyar janyewa (daga farmakin), al’amarin da ya haifar da murabus ɗin Firaminista Anthony Eden. Lamarin ya jefa Sarauniya cikin rikicin siyasa.
Jam’iyyar Conservative ba ta da tsarin zaɓar sabon shugaba, sai dai bayan an yi ta tuntuɓar shawarwarin daidait a al’amura, sai Sarauniya ta gayyato Harold Mcmillan don ya kafa sabuwar gwamnati.
A nan ne Lord Altrincham ya yi ta sukar lamirin Sarauniya da cin zarafinta.
A wata maqala da ya rubuta a wata mujalla, ya yi ikirarin cewa fadarta ‘maƙurar Birtaniyanci’ da ‘manya a cikin al’umma’ sannan ya zargeta da nuna gazawar yin jawabi cikin sauƙi ba tare da rubutaciyar takarda ba.
Kalamansa sun tayar da ƙura a kafafen yaɗa labarai, har ta kai ga an kai wa Lord Altrincham hari, inda magoya bayan Daular sarauta suka tare shi a kan titi.
Duk da haka dai lamarin da ya faru ya nuna yadda al’ummar Birtaniya suka ɗauki sarauta, amma an samu sauyi cikin sauri, ta yadda rashin tabbacin da aka daɗe a kai ya zama abin jefa alamar tambaya.
Tsawon zamanin mulkin Sarauniya Elizabeth na nuni da ƙarfin halin jajircewar, tare da sadaukar da rayuwa wajen aikin sarauta da tallafa wa rayuwar mutanenta.
A wajen mutane da dama ta zama wajen fuskantar matsayarsu a duniyar da ake samu sauyin cikin sauri, a daidai lokacin da tasirin ikon Birtaniya ya yi ƙasa warwas, al’umma ta samu sauyi fiye da yadda ake iya fahimta, al’umma na jefa alamar tambaya kan kimar matsayin sarauta (ta gargajiya).
Nasarar da ta samu wajen riritawa da jan ragamar sarauta a waɗannan mawuyatan lokuta, na da matuƙar ban mamaki, bisa la’akari da cewa a lokacin haihuwarta, babu wanda ya hango cewa za ta kasance mai jan ragama a karagar mulki.
Haƙiƙa ta kasance wata nagartacciyar sarauniya wacce duniya za ta yi rashin ta, ba nahiyar Turai kaɗai ba.
Sarauniya ta yi zamani da shuwagabanni kala-kala a duniya. Idan ka zo Nijeriya, tun daga Sir Abubakar Tafawa Ɓalewa daga 1960 lokacin samun ‘yancin kai har zuwa yau inda Muhammadu Buhari ya ke mulki a yanzu.
Sarauniya ta rasu tana da shekaru 96 a duniya, a ranar Satumba 8, 2022.