A duk lokacin da aka ji labarin wani mutum ya saci abu, ya yi wa wani laifi, ko kuma aka zarge shi da aikata wata mummunar ɗabi’a, abin da ya kamata al’umma ta fara tunani a kai shi ne yadda za a kai lamarin gaban hukumomin da suka dace domin gudanar da bincike da kuma tabbatar da gaskiya. Amma abin takaici, a wasu lokuta abin da ke faruwa shi ne akasin haka. Wasu mutane kan ɗauki doka a hannunsu, su mayar da zargi zuwa hukunci, su mayar da tuhuma zuwa kisa, ba tare da an ba wanda ake zargi damar kare kansa ba.
Wannan mummunar ɗabi’a, wadda aka fi sani da “jungle justice”, ba adalci ba ce. Laifi ce mai matuƙar hatsari da ke iya jefa al’umma cikin ruɗani, rashin tsaro da ɗaukar fansa.
Al’umma tana da haƙƙin kare kanta daga miyagun laifuka, amma wannan ba yana nufin kowa yana da ikon zama ɗan sanda, alƙali da mai zartar da hukunci a lokaci guda ba. A tsarin mulkin doka, wanda ake zargi da laifi ba ya zama mai laifi kai tsaye har sai kotu ta tabbatar da hakan.
A shekarun baya-bayan nan, Nijeriya ta ga misalai masu yawa na yadda ɗaukar doka a hannu ya jawo asarar rayuka marasa iyaka. Amnesty International ta ce ta rubuta aƙalla mutum 555 da suka mutu sakamakon ɗauamr doka da hannu tsakanin Janairun 2012 da Agustan 2023, a cikin aƙalla al’amura 363 na tashin hankalin jama’a a sassan ƙasar.
Kisan Malama Ummulkhairi Usman Aliyu a Maraban Jos, Jihar Kaduna, a ranar 14 ga Yunin 2026, na daga cikin abubuwan da suka fi tayar da hankali a kan illar ɗaukar doka a hannu. Malamar Islamiyya, wadda rahotanni suka bayyana cewa tana da miji da ’ya’ya huɗu, ta je yankin tsohuwar Maraban Jos ne domin halartar wani wa’azin addini, inda ta shiga cikin wani yanayi na rikici bayan wasu suka zarge ta da ƙoƙarin satar yara. Rahotanni sun ce zargin bai samu tabbaci ba, amma lamarin ya rikiɗe zuwa tashin hankali, inda wasu fusatattun mutane suka kai mata hari tare da kashe ta sannan suka ƙona gawarta.
Daga cikin shahararrun misalan akwai kisan ɗaliban Jami’ar Fatakwal guda huɗu a Aluu, Jihar Ribas, a shekarar 2012. An zarge su da aikata fashi, amma maimakon a kai su gaban jami’an tsaro da kotu, wasu mutane suka kai musu hari, suka yi musu duka tare da ƙona su. Abin da ya faru ya zama ɗaya daga cikin munanan misalan yadda zargi kawai zai iya rikiɗewa zuwa hukuncin kisa idan aka bar jama’a su yi abin da suka ga dama.
Abin da ya kamata mu tambayi kanmu shi ne: Idan zargin ya kasance ƙarya fa? Idan wanda ake zargi ba shi ne mai laifi ba fa? Idan aka kashe mutum bisa kuskure, wa zai dawo da rayuwarsa? Wa zai iya share hawayen iyalansa? Wa zai gyara ɓarnar da aka yi?
Wannan shi ne babban haɗarin jungle justice. Sau da yawa, mutum ba ya samun damar yin magana ko bayyana abin da ya faru. Wani na yin ihu cewa “barawo ne”, sai wasu su amince. Wani ya ce “mai garkuwa da mutane ne”, sai jama’a su fara duka. Wani ya ce “mai maye ne”, sai mutane su fara ɗaukar mataki. A wasu lokutan ma, jita-jita daga kafafen sada zumunta kan zama kamar hujja, duk da cewa babu wanda ya tabbatar da sahihancinta.
A shekarar 2023, wani mutum mai suna Olorunfemi Tope ya rasa ransa a Akure, Jihar Ondo, bayan wani hatsarin mota. Rahotanni sun ce wasu mutane sun zarge shi da aikata laifin da ya shafi tsafin kuɗi bayan an ce an gano wasu abubuwa a cikin motarsa. Daga baya aka bayyana cewa direban mota ne mai aiki da kamfanin jigilar fasinjoji. Duk da haka, tuni jama’a suka kai masa hari suka kashe shi.
A wani lamari kuma, Okolie Arinze, ɗalibin matakin ƙarshe na Injiniyan Gine-gine a Jami’ar Obafemi Awolowo, Ile-Ife, ya mutu bayan wasu abokan karatunsa sun kai masa hari bisa zargin satar waya. Shi ma bai samu damar kare kansa a gaban kotu ba kafin a kai masa mummunan hari.
Abin damuwa shi ne, matsalar ba ta tsaya a waɗannan tsoffin misalai ba. A shekarar 2026 kaɗai, an ci gaba da samun rahotannin irin waɗannan hare-hare a sassa daban-daban na ƙasar. A watan Yulin 2026, wani rahoto ya bayyana cewa zargin fashin wani shagon POS a yankin Ojoo na Ibadan ya rikiɗe zuwa kisan gilla da kuma hare-haren ramuwar gayya, inda mutane suka mutu, wasu suka samu raunuka, aka kuma lalata kadarori.
A watan Yulin 2026 kuma, an samu rahotannin kisan Ibrahim Mbaya, wani ɗan Jami’ar Jos, bayan zargin da ya shafi wata waya. Lamarin ya jawo Allah-wadai da kuma kiran da a gudanar da bincike tare da gurfanar da waɗanda ake zargi da hannu a gaban doka.
Har zuwa watan Agustan da Satumban 2026, rahotanni sun ci gaba da bayyana irin waɗannan abubuwa. An samu rahotannin mutanen da aka kashe a Kalaba bisa zargin satar waya, wasu da aka kai wa hari a Neja bisa zargin sata, da kuma wani mutum da aka kashe a Akwa Ibom bisa zargin satar babur. A wasu wuraren kuma jami’an tsaro sun samu nasarar ceto waɗanda ake zargi daga hannun fusatattun jama’a.
Waɗannan abubuwan ya kamata su zama darasi ga kowa. Domin idan aka yarda da cewa zargi ya isa ya zama hukunci, to babu wanda yake cikin cikakken tsaro. Yau ana iya zargin wani da sata, gobe wani kuma da garkuwa da mutane, sannan wata rana mutum marar laifi ya iya kasancewa wanda aka nuna wa yatsa saboda jita-jita.
Abin da ya fi haɗari shi ne yadda wasu mutane ke raina jami’an tsaro, musamman idan suka ga an kama wani da ake zargi da laifi. Wasu kan hana jami’an tsaro gudanar da aikinsu, su kwace wanda ake zargi daga hannunsu, ko su kai hari ga jami’an da suka zo domin hana kisan gilla.
A kan batun Malama UmmulKhairi, abin da ya fi tayar da hankali shi ne cewa lamarin ya faru ne duk da kasancewar jami’an tsaro a wurin. Rundunar ’Yan Sandan Jihar Kaduna ta ce jami’anta sun samu kiran gaggawa kan harin, kuma DPO na Maraban Jos ya jagoranci jami’an zuwa wurin domin ceto Malama Ummulkhairi da kai ta ofishin ’yan sanda domin kariya da bincike. Duk da cewa wasu mitane da zargi DOO ɗin da miƙa ta ga jama’ar gari daga baya. Wannan ne ya sa aka kuma fara bincike kan rawar da wasu jami’an tsaro suka taka wajen faruwar lamarin.
Wannan hali ba kawai yana barazana ga wanda ake zargi ba ne; yana kuma jefa jami’an tsaro da sauran jama’a cikin haɗari. Idan jami’in tsaro ya zo domin ceto rayuwar mutum, bai kamata jama’a su kai masa hari ko su hana shi yin aikinsa ba. Jami’in tsaro ba shi ne kotu ba, amma aikinsa shi ne tabbatar da an kama wanda ake zargi, a gudanar da bincike, sannan a miƙa shi ga tsarin shari’a.
A watan Agustan 2026, Babban Sufeton ’Yan Sandan Nijeriya, Tunji Disu, ya umurci kwamishinonin ’yan sanda na jihohi da Abuja su ɗauki duk wani ɗaukar doka a hannun jama’a a matsayin kisan kai. Ya kuma jaddada cewa babu wata al’umma, ƙungiyar sa-kai ko wata ƙungiya da ke da ikon kama mutum, yi masa shari’a, yanke masa hukunci ko kashe shi bisa zargi, jita-jita ko abin da aka gani a kafafen sada zumunta.
Wannan magana tana da muhimmanci saboda ita ce ginshiƙin zaman lafiya: ba mu da ikon ɗaukar doka a hannunmu.
Idan mun ga ana aikata laifi, mu kira jami’an tsaro. Idan an kama wanda ake zargi, mu bar hukumomi su gudanar da bincike. Idan akwai hujja, a gabatar da ita. Idan wanda ake zargi yana da laifi, kotu za ta yanke hukunci. Idan kuma ba shi da laifi, hakan zai kare shi daga zaluncin da zai iya jawo nadama ga al’umma baki ɗaya.
Haka kuma, bai kamata a yaɗa jita-jita a kafafen sada zumunta ba. Saƙon WhatsApp, bidiyon TikTok ko Facebook, ko kuma furucin wani mutum ba su isa su maye gurbin binciken hukuma da shari’ar kotu ba.
Ya kamata shugabannin al’umma, malamai, ’yan siyasa, ’yan jarida, iyaye, matasa da ƙungiyoyin farar hula su ƙara wayar da kan jama’a kan wannan batu. Ya kamata a koyar da yara tun daga ƙanana cewa ɗaukar doka a hannu ba jarumtaka ba ce. Jarumtaka ita ce mutum ya hana zalunci ba tare da ya zama azzalumi ba.
Haka kuma, gwamnati tana da babban aiki. Dole ne jami’an tsaro su kasance masu saurin kai agaji idan an samu irin wacannan abubuwa, sannan bincike da gurfanar da waɗanda suka aikata kisan gilla su kasance cikin sauri da gaskiya. Domin idan mutane suka ga ana samun hukunci kan waɗanda ke kashe mutane da sunan “jungle justice”, hakan na iya ƙarfafa amincewa da tsarin shari’a.
Amma a gefe guda, jama’a ma dole su fahimci cewa rashin gamsuwa da yadda hukuma ke aiki ba ya ba mutum ikon kashe wanda ake zargi. Idan ana ganin akwai matsala a tsarin shari’a, mafita ita ce neman gyara da ƙarfafa hukumomi, ba rusa tsarin doka ba.
Mu tuna cewa wanda aka kashe a matsayin “ɓarawo” yana iya kasancewa uba, ɗa, miji, ɗan uwa ko abokin wani. Kuma idan daga baya aka gano cewa ba shi da laifi, babu wata kotu da za ta iya dawo masa da rayuwarsa.
Saboda haka, lokaci ya yi da za mu daina kallon jungle justice a matsayin wani nau’in “hukunta mai laifi”. Ba hukunci ba ne; hanya ce ta rusa tsarin doka da jefa rayuwar jama’a cikin haɗari.
Mu guji ɗaukar doka a hannu. Mu bar jami’an tsaro su gudanar da aikinsu, mu bar kotu ta yanke hukunci, mu bar doka ta yi aikinta.
Domin ƙasa mai mutunci ita ce wadda take kare wanda aka zalunta, take gurfanar da mai laifi, amma ba ta kashe wanda ake zargi kafin a tabbatar da laifinsa ba.
Adalci ba ya nufin kawai a hukunta mai laifi. Adalci yana nufin a tabbatar da gaskiya kafin a yanke hukunci.
Mu kare doka, domin doka ita ce garkuwar kowa.
Daga MAHDI MUSA MUHAMMAD. 07066778190.
