Daga TIJJANI SARKI
A ‘yan makonnin nan an sami tashin tashina a wanin ɓangare na jihohin kudancin ƙasar nan, har inda wani gwamna ya ke ba da sanarwar korar ƙabilar Fulani makiyaya daga faɗin jihar sa, abin har ya kai da ƙona musu gidaje da masallaci duk dai bisa dogaro da su ba ‘yan jihar ba ne. Kuma suna kawo yamutsi a jihar, kodayake mun jiyo Gwamnan Jihar Ogun na cewa suna zaman lafiya da Fulani sama da shekaru ɗari a jiharsa.
Zai yi kyau mu ɗan yi waiwaye akan ƙabilar Fulani makiyaya wanda suke da ɗumbin yawa musamman a ƙasashen Afirka. An ƙiyasta yawansu ya kai miliyan talatin a Afirka inda ya haɗa da ƙasashen Kamaru 290,000, Nijeriya 16,800,000, Nijar 160,000, Maurtania 1,260,000, Burkina Faso 1,200,000, Chadi 580,000, Gabon 320,000, Guinue Bisau 320,000, Sereleoun 310,000, Afirka ta Tsakiya 250,000, Senegal 3,500,000, Mali 3,000,000, Ghana 4600. Kuma an san su da ƙoƙari wajen neman nakansu da juriya, sannan ba a san su ba da neman rigima, sai dai in taɓo su.
Su dai ƙabilar Fulani makiyaya sun yi fice wajen kiwon bisashe kamar shanu da tumaki, a dalilin haka sukan fita bayan gari ko daji inda yake akwai ɗanyar ciyawa domin jin daɗin dabbobin su. Mafi yawan lokatu sukan tafi daga wannan wuri zuwa wancan dan nema musu abinci, wato in rani ya yi a arewaci sai su gusa zuwa Kudu ko Yamma duk dai wannan tafiye -tafiye suna yin su ne a ƙasa.
A sakamakon haka shekaru masu yawa sarakunan Arewa sun yi ƙoƙarin ware musu burtalai garuruwan su dan ya zama mallakin su su dinga kiwata dabbobin su, amma saboda tsawon lokaci da kuma abin da na kira da cewa rashin sanin muhimmanci sana’ar kiwo ta kai ana sai da burtalan ga manoma ko masu gina gidaje, wanda hakan ya haifar da matsaloli masu yawa.
Bugu da ƙari, an yi yunƙuri da dama na yin doka akan haɓaka wajen kiwo (grazing) inda a 1960 aka samar da (Grazing reserve) na Gwamnatin Tarayya wanda aka tabbatar da dokar sa (GRA 1964) a jihar Arewa an kafa dokar a kan kiwo (Northern Regional Government GR law 1965 Section 3) amma duk ta tashi a banza, saboda rashin samun kuluwa wajen jajircewa a aiwatar da ita.
Akwai Dokar gwamnatin soja ta Hukumar Kula da Ilmin Fulani Makiyaya(National Commission for Normadic Education 1989 Decree 41), haka kuma Jihohin Adamawa, Bauchi, Borno, Kano, Kaduna, Plateu da Yobe duk sun yi yunƙurin kafa dokokin dan inganta kiwo. Misali, (grazing law cap 53 laws of kano state 1991), (grazing law cap 59 laws of yobe state 1994), a jihar Kaduna akwai (Kachiya grazing Reserve) wanda aka kafa a 1967 kuma aka yi masa doka a shekarar 1996, akwai a dokar ta jihohin Arewa (Grazing law no 4 laws Northern Nigeria 1965 of plateue state).
A tsakanin shekarun 1970 zuwa 1980 Gwamnatin Tarayya da ta jihohi sun kashe naira miliyan 120 daidai da Dallar Amurka miliyan 70 a harkar kiwon dabbobi wanda kashi 70 an kashe shi wajen samar da burtali (grazing land) a inda aka ba jihohi alhakin samar da wurin da za a yi burtalai. Ya zuwa shekarar 1981 an ayyana ana da burtalai guda 415 amma kashi ɗaya bisa uku kaɗai ke amfani saura kuma sun lalace ko kuma ba a samar da su ba sai dai tashin zance.
Amma duk wannan yunƙuri ya ci tura saboda rashin mai da hankali wajen aiki da dokokin ko dai saboda rashin son ci gaba, rashin kishin ƙasa ko kuma rashawa da ta yi katutu a lamuran ƙasar nan, a inda hakan ya haifar da faɗace-faɗace tsakanin Fulani makiyaya da manoma a kan cin burtali, wanda yanzu ma ya haifar da sace-sacen mutane wanda ake alaƙanta shi da ƙabilar Fulani makiyaya. A ɓangare ɗaya kuma, su kuma Fulanin makiyaya na kuka da yawan fashin dabbobi da ake musu tare da ƙona musu bukkoki.
Koma dai meye ina mai ra’ayin cewa da gwamnatocin Arewa na da da na yanzu, sun aiwatar da dokokin da na ambata a sama ko kuma sun sabunta su tare da ba Fulani makiyaya kula ta mussaman da duk hakan bai faru ba.
Sanin kowa ne cewa dabbobin ke samar da fatu da ƙiraga wanda a shekarun baya shi ne babbar hanyar samun kuɗin shiga ga Gwamnatin Nijeriya, da shanu ne ake samar da lafiyayyen nama dan ci, fatu da ƙiraga dan sarafawa a masana’antun jima, alli dan amfani a makarantu da dai sauransu.
Abin takaici, jihohin Arewa kaɗai na da faɗin ƙasa wanda yake murabba’in ( 216,065 sqkm) wato dai kashi 20 na faɗin ƙasar Nijeriya, amma an rasa gwamnan da zai yi hoɓasa ya jajirce dan tabbar da an alkinta sana’ar noma da kiwo wanda da za a haɓaka wannan sana’a hatta matsalar barace-barace da yawon ci-rani sai ya zama tarihi.
Duk da dai a shekatun baya mun ji Gwamnar jihar Kano na gaya wa ‘yan uwansa Fulani duk wanda aka koro ya taho jihar Kano, to wai ita jihar Kanon ta shirya musu masauki ne da zai kula da ɗawainiyar su kamar yadda na ambata a sama duk da dai muna sane da ware dajin dan soshiya dan a yi amfani da shi a matsayin ruga ta zamani kuma an fara aikin sa, har yanzu kusan shekara biyu ba a sami wani ci gaba na azo agani ba.
A ƙarshe ina mai kira ga Gwamnonin Arewa da su duba lamarin Fulani makiyaya ta fuskoki da dama kamar harkar tsaro, zamantakewa, tattalin arziki, ilmi da dai ssuransu wanda matuƙar aka kula da Fulani makiyaya za a sami ci gaba ta waɗancan ɓangarori.