Daga MAHDI MUSA MUHAMMAD
Tattalin arzikin Nijeriya da ke fama da matsaloli na iya shiga cikin wani mawuyacin hali idan shugaban ƙasar Amurka, Mista Donald Trump, ya tsaya kan bakansa na sanya ƙarin haraji na kashi 10 cikin 100 ga ƙasashen da ke haɗe da ƙungiyar BRICS, ƙawancen da Nijeriya ta shiga a farkon wannan shekarar.
A da, kalmar BRICS tana nufin Brazil, Rasha, Indiya, Chana, da Afirka ta Kudu, ƙungiyar manyan ƙasashe masu tasowa waɗanda suka yi aiki don gina wata hanyar da ta dace da cibiyoyi na duniya waɗanda ƙasashen yamma suka mamaye. A cikin 2024, ƙungiyar ta faɗaɗa zuwa Masar, Habasha, Haɗaɗɗiyar Daular Larabawa, Iran, Saudiyya, da Indonesia. An shigar da Nijeriya a hukumance a matsayin ƙasa ta tara a cikin watan Janairun 2025.
Da yake magana a shafinsa ya sada zamunta, Trump ya caccaki ƙungiyar a ranar Litinin, yana mai cewa, “Duk wata ƙasa da ta daidaita kanta da manufofin ‘Anti-Amurka’ na BRICS za a caje ta da ƙarin kuɗin haraji da kashi 10.
Saƙon ya zo ne gabanin taron ƙoli na BRICS karo na 17 a birnin Rio de Janeiro na ƙasar Brazil, wanda shugaba Bola Tinubu ya halarta bisa gayyatar da shugaban ƙasar Brazil Luiz Inacio Lula da Silva ya yi masa. Kasancewar Tinubu yana nuna sabon matsayin ƙasa a cikin BRICS, matakin ya saka Nijeriya zama cikakkiyar memba, wanda ya ba ta damar shiga taron ƙoli, tattaunawa da manyan tsare-tsare.
An tsara martabar Nijeriya daga baƙuwa zuwa abokiyar tarayya a taron ƙolin BRICS karo na 16 a watan Oktoban 2024.
A halin yanzu wannan matakin ya jawo fushin Amurka, kuma akwai yuwuwar hakan zai cutar tattalin arzikin Nijeriya.
Shugabannin BRICS sun ƙara nuna adawa da abin da suka kira “ƙiyayyar haɗin kai na Amurka,” ciki har da ƙaƙaba haraji da kuma shiga tsakani na siyasa. A taron na Rio, ƙungiyar ta yi Allah wadai da manufofin Trump da hare-haren baya bayan nan da Amurka da Isra’ila suka kai kan Iran. A martanin da ya mayar, Trump ya ninka sau biyu a daren Litinin, yana mai yi wa BRICS laaabi da “maƙiya-Amurka” tare da jaddada ƙarin haraji.
Tattalin arzikin Nijeriya, wanda ya riga ya ruguje sakamakon hauhawar farashin kayayyaki, da canjin kuɗaɗen waje, da raguwar kuɗaɗen shigar mai, ba zai iya jurewa wani matsin lamba daga waje ba. Tare da fitar da kayayyaki zuwa Amurka, musamman ɗanyen mai da ke cikin haɗari, manazarta sun yi gargaɗin cewa harajin zai iya kawo cikas ga farfaɗowar tattalin arzikin Nijeriya da ke da rauni.
Duk da cewa Amurka tana da kaso mafi ƙanƙanta na jimlar cinikin Nijeriya, har yanzu tana zaya daga cikin manyan masu sayen ɗanyen mai a ƙasar, wanda ke da sama da kashi 90 na abubuwan da Nijeriya ke fitarwa zuwa Amurka.
Kayayyakin da ake fitarwa na biyu kamar takin zamani, coco, sesame, goro, da kayayyakin da ake sarrafawa, na iya fuskantar ƙarin haraji, wanda ke barazana ga burin Nijeriya na karkatar da tattalin arzikinta daga mai.
Tun daga shekarar 2023, Nijeriya ta yi fama da ɗimbin ƙalubalen tattalin arziki. Babban hauhawar farashin kayayyaki ya ƙaru zuwa kashi 28.92 cikin 100 a watan Disambar 2023, wanda ya ƙaru daga kashi 18.85 cikin ɗari a shekarar da ta gabata, inda ya kai kashi 34.2 cikin 100 a tsakiyar shekarar 2024 kafin daga bisani ya sauka zuwa kashi 27.50 a shekarar 2025, a cewar babban bankin Nijeriya (CBN).
