Daga AISHA ASAS
*Masana’antu na rage kuɗi da lokacin shirya fim, amma ana tafka muhawara kan ingancinsa
*Indiya na gaba a amfani da AI, yayin da Hollywood ke fuskantar takunkumi daga ƙungiyoyin ma’aikata
Masana’antar fina-finai ta Indiya ta shiga wani sabon zamani mai cike da sauyi, inda fasahar Artificial Intelligence (AI) ke sauya yadda ake shirya fina-finai, rage kuɗin samarwa, da kuma ƙara yawan harsunan da ake fassara fina-finai zuwa gare su.
A yau, a wasu ɗakunan shirya fim a Indiya, hayaniyar kyamarori da umurnin daraktoci ta ragu, yayin da aka maye gurbinta da ƙarar na’urorin kwamfuta da masu rubuta lambar fasaha (coding), alamar yadda AI ke mamaye harkar.
Kamfanin Collective Artists Network, wanda ke kula da taurarin Bollywood, ya fara ƙirƙirar sabbin taurari na dijital ta hanyar AI. A cibiyarsa da ke Bengaluru, ana amfani da fasahar wajen ƙirƙirar fina-finai da shirye-shirye masu alaƙa da tatsuniyoyin addinin Hindu, wani fanni da ke da karɓuwa sosai a ƙasar.
Daga cikin irin waɗannan ayyuka akwai fim ɗin da ya samo asali daga littafin addini na Ramayana, inda aka nuna abin bauta Hanuman yana tashi sama ɗauke da dutse, da kuma wani shiri daga Mahabharat, wanda ke nuna labarin wata gimbiya da ta rufe idanunta saboda mijinta makaho ne.
Indiya ce ƙasar da ke samar da fina-finai mafi yawa a duniya, tare da taurari irin su Shah Rukh Khan da Amitabh Bachchan da ke da ɗimbin magoya baya. Sai dai sauye-sauyen halayen masu kallo, musamman yawaitar kallon fina-finai ta yanar gizo (streaming), sun fara takura kasafin kuɗin shirya fina-finai.
Rahotanni sun nuna cewa, yawan masu zuwa sinima ya ragu daga biliyan 1.03 a shekarar 2019 zuwa miliyan 832 a shekarar 2025. Duk da cewa, kuɗaɗen shiga daga sinima sun kai dala biliyan 1.4 a bara, ana fuskantar rashin daidaito saboda dogaro da kaɗan daga cikin fina-finai masu nasara.
A sakamakon haka, masana’antun fina-finai na Indiya sun rungumi AI fiye da ko’ina a duniya. Ana amfani da ita wajen; ƙirƙirar cikakkun fina-finai gaba ɗaya ta hanyar AI. Fassara fina-finai zuwa harsuna da dama cikin sauƙi. Gyara tsoffin fina-finai domin ƙara samun riba.
Rahul Regulapati, shugaban cibiyar AI ta Galleri5, ya ce: “AI na rage kuɗin shirya fina-finai zuwa kashi ɗaya cikin biyar na yadda ake yi a baya, musamman a fina-finan tatsuniya da khala’iya. Haka kuma lokacin samarwa ya ragu zuwa kashi ɗaya cikin huɗu.”
Wannan sauyi ya bambanta da Hollywood, inda ƙungiyoyin ma’aikata ke takaita yadda ake amfani da AI saboda fargabar rasa ayyukan yi. Amma a Indiya, kamfanoni na ci gaba da gwaji ba tare da irin waɗannan takunkumi ba.
Sai dai duk da nasarorin, ana fuskantar ƙalubale. Masu kallo da dama na sukar fina-finan AI saboda rashin inganci ko rashin “ruhi” na ainihin fasaha. Misali, sabon shirin Mahabharat na AI ya samu ƙimar 1.4 cikin 10 a shafin IMDb, inda aka soki matsalolin daidaiton baki da kuma salo mara ƙayatarwa.
A wani mataki mai ɗaukar hankali, kamfanin Eros Media World ya sake fito da wani tsohon fim mai suna ‘Raanjhanaa’ tare da sabon ƙarshe na farin ciki ta amfani da AI, maimakon tsohon ƙarshen da ya kasance mai ban tausayi. Wannan ya jawo suka daga jarumi Dhanush, wanda ya ce: “An cire ruhin fim ɗin gaba ɗaya, kuma wannan na iya zama mummunan misali ga fasaha da masu fasaha.”
Duk da haka, fim ɗin ya samu karɓuwa a kasuwa, inda kashi 35% na tikitin da aka sayar ya zarce matsakaicin shekarar.
A gefe guda, AI na taimaka wa sosai wajen fassara fina-finai (dubbing), musamman ganin cewa Indiya na da harsuna 22 na hukuma da ɗaruruwan ƙarin harsuna. Sabuwar fasaha na ba da damar daidaita motsin baki da harshen da ake magana, abin da ke magance matsalolin da aka saba fuskanta a baya.
Kamfanonin fasaha na duniya kamar Google, Microsoft da Nvidia sun fara zuba jari a wannan fanni, suna haɗin gwiwa da masu shirya fina-finai domin haɓaka sabbin hanyoyin samar da abun ciki.
Duk da haka, wasu masana na ganin wannan ci gaba na iya zama barazana ga asalin fasahar fina-finai. Wani masani ya bayyana cewa: “Yin amfani da AI wajen ƙirƙirar cikakken fim cin fuska ne ga tarihin sinima baki ɗaya.”
A ƙarshe, masana’antar fina-finai ta Indiya na tsaka da tafiya mai haɗari tsakanin bunƙasa tattalin arziki da kuma kare ingancin fasaha, inda AI ke zama ginshiƙi mai ƙarfi, amma kuma mai tayar da muhawara mai zafi.
Abin tambaya ana shi ne, shin ci gaba aka samu ko kuwa ci baya ta fuskar tattalin arziki a masana’antar.
