Al’ummar duniya baki ɗaya na bikin wannan rana a matsayin ranar kawo ƙarshen cin zarafin ’yan jarida da ma’aikatan yaɗa labarai na duk duniya. Majalisar Ɗinkin Duniya a shekara ta 2013 ne ta zartar da wani ƙuduri a zamanta na 68 tare da ayyana ranar 2 ga watan Nuwamba na kowace shekara a matsayin ranar bikin, inda ta buƙaci ƙasashe mambobin ƙungiyar da su aiwatar da kwararan matakai na daƙile aukuwar lamarin na cin zarafinsu.
An zaɓi ranar ne domin tunawa da kisan gillar da aka yi wa wasu ’yan jaridar Faransa biyu, Ghislaine Dupont da Claude Verlon a Mali a ranar 2 ga Nuwamba, 2012. Ƙudirin ya yi Allah wadai da duk wani hari da cin zarafin ’yan jarida da ma’aikatan yaɗa labarai. Har ila yau, ta buƙaci ƙasashe mambobin ƙungiyar da su yi iyakacin ƙoƙarinsu don tabbatar da bin diddigi, da gurfanar da waɗanda suka aikata laifukan da suka shafi ma’aikatan yaɗa labarai, tare da ba da tabbaci ga waɗanda abin ya shafa na samun magunguna da suka dace. Har ila yau, tana kira ga mambobin da su inganta yanayin tsaro da ba da dama ga ’yan jarida su gudanar da ayyukansu ba tare da tsangwama ba.
A jawabinsa na bikin na bana, Shugaban Majalisar Ɗinkin Duniya mai barin gado, Ban Ki-Moon, ya yi gargaɗin cewa, cin zarafin ’yan jarida ya zama ruwan dare, inda ya yi kira da a ɗauki ƙwararan matakai daga dukkan ƙasashen duniya domin tabbatar da cewa ƙwararrun kafafen yaɗa labarai sun samu ’yanci, don yin aiki ba tare da tsangwama da tsorata ba.
A cikin nata saƙon na bikin ranar, Shugabar Hukumar Kula da Ilimi, Kimiyya da Al’adu ta Majalisar Ɗinkin Duniya (UNESCO), Irina Bakova, ta ce, “rashin hukunci yana haifar da rashin hukunta masu laifi. Wannan zalunci ne ga kowa.”
Ƙudurin da ya mayar da hankali kan rashin hukunta masu laifi, inda ya ce, ya samo asali ne daga halin da ake ciki a cikin shekaru goma da rabi inda aka kashe ’yan jarida sama da 800 saboda kawo labarai da bayanai ga jama’a. Alƙaluman da hukumar UNESCO ta fitar ta nuna cewa, a shekarar 2012 kaɗai, an kashe ’yan jarida 123. Adadin ya ragu kaɗan zuwa 91 a shekara mai zuwa, amma har yanzu yana ƙaruwa a shekara ta biyu mafi muni ga ’yan jarida. Daga cikin 593 da aka kashe tsakanin 2006 da 2013, kashi 94 cikin 100 ’yan jarida ne na cikin gida, yayin da kashi 6 cikin 100 na duniya ne. Maza ’yan jarida sun kai kashi 94 cikin 100 yayin da kashi 41 cikin 100 ke aiki a kafafen yaɗa labarai.
Nijeriya ta samu nata rabon ta na cin zarafin ’yan jarida da ma’aikatan yaɗa labarai. Baya ga kisan gillar da aka yi wa Dele Giwa na Newswatch a watan Oktoba, 1986 ta hanyar bam na wasiqa, an yi kisan gilla da yawa ga ’yan jarida a cikin ’yan shekarun nan.
Sun haɗa da Bagauda Kaltho na Mujallar Jarida, wanda aka kashe a Kaduna tare da sanya wa ɗan ƙunar baƙin wake; Tunde Oladepo, shugaban ofishin jaridar The Guardian na Jihar Ogun wanda aka harbe shi a cikin ɗakin kwanansa a Abeokuta; Godwin Agbroko, Shugaban Kwamitin Editoci na Thisday, wanda aka kashe ranar jajibirin Kirsimeti a 2006; Samuel Famakinwa na Thisday wanda aka tsinci gawarsa a ɗakinsa na otel a Maiduguri; Abayomi Ogundeji, shi ma na THISDAY, wanda aka kashe a watan Agustan 2008; Bayo Ohu, mahaifin ’ya’ya biyar kuma ɗan jaridan siyasa na The Guardian wanda aka kashe a gidansa da ke Legas a ranar 20 ga Satumba, 2009, da DimgbaIgwe, mataimakin shugaban kamfanin The Sun Publishing Limited, wanda wata mota ta rutsa da su a lokacin da suke tafiya a unguwarsu da ke Okotarea na Jihar Legas ranar 6 ga Satumba, 2014.
Lamarin na baya-bayan nan abu ne mai ɗaure kai, kamar na ɓacewar wakilin Vanguard da ke Abuja, Tordue Henry Salem, daga gidansa a ranar 13 ga watan Oktoba na wannan shekara. Sufeto Janar na ’yan sandan Nijeriya Alkali Baba ya tabbatar wa ƙungiyar ’yan jarida ta Nijeriya cewa, za a ceto ɗan jaridar da ya ɓace. Wani abu shi ne, ba a gano musabbabin ɓacewarsa ba, wanda da farko ake zargin cewa akwai hannun masu garkuwa da mutane.
Haka kuma an sha fama da cin zarafi da tsare ’yan jarida ba bisa ƙa’ida ba. Wani abin da ya zama ruwan dare a cikin waɗannan kashe-kashen shi ne cewa ba a taɓa samun masu kisan ba. Babu wanda zai musanta gaskiyar cewa aikin jarida aiki ne mai haɗarin gaske a duk faɗin duniya. Wata kwamiti ta ‘Amnesty International, Journalists Without Borders’, Kwamitin Kare ‘yan jaridu da sauran ƙungiyoyin kare haƙƙin bil’adama na ƙasa da ƙasa suna ba da labarin kisan gilla, raunata da ɗaure maza da matan ’yan jarida a gidajen yari.
Ana kallon ’yan jaridun Nijeriya a matsayin maƙiyan jami’an tsaro masu kishin ƙasa. ‘Yan siyasa da manyan jami’an gwamnati a kodayaushe sun kasance cikin tsangwaman ’yan jarida, ba sa son ganin saɓanin ra’ayinsu a rubuce ko a gidajen talabijin da radiyo. Jami’an da ke kula da cin hanci da rashawa a ma’aikatu da hukumomin gwamnati na daga cikin waɗanda ke tsoratar da masu aiko da rahotanni kamar annoba kuma za su yi duk abin da zai yiwu don nisantar da su.
Ɗan jarida shi ne babban baƙo da ba a so a duk inda ake yin abin da bai kamata ba ko aikata laifuka. Nijeriya ta yi baje kolin wasu manyan ’yan jarida a duniya. Bikin na shekara-shekara ba zai kasance da ma’ana ba idan duk ƙwararru kamar ƙungiyar ’yan jarida ta Nijeriya (NUJ) da ƙungiyar Editocin Nijeriya (NGE) ba su tabbatar da cewa mambobinsu sun samu cikakkiyar kariya tare da kula da jin daɗinsu ba.