Sharhi: Ya kamata a ɗauki batun makamashi na ƙasashen Afirka da muhimmanci don tinkarar matsalar sauyin yanayin duniya

Daga LUBABATU LEI

A yau ne aka rufe taron masu ruwa da tsaki kan yarjejeniyar sauyin yanayi ta MƊD karo na 27 (COP27), taron da aka yi shirin kammala shi a ranar 18 ga wata, wanda kuma aka jinkirta shi sakamakon saɓanin ra’ayin da ɓangarori daban daban suka samu ta fannonin tattara kuɗin biyan tarin asarar da ƙasashe masu tasowa suka tabka sakamakon sauyin yanayi da ma burin da ake neman cimmawa wajen rage fitar da iskar Carbon.

Sai dai abin farin ciki shi ne, a ƙarshe ƙasashe daban daban sun cimma daidaito, game da kafa asusun biya hasarorin da aka tabka sakamakon sauyin yanayi, don taimaka wa ƙasashe masu ƙaramin ƙarfi wajen tinkarar matsalar sauyin yanayin duniya.

Da wuya a cimma daidaito tsakanin ƙasashe masu ci gaba, musamman Amurka da sauran ƙasashen yamma, da ma kasashe masu tasowa musamman ƙasashen Afirka, ta wadannan fannoni biyu, wato tattara kuɗaɗen biyan hasarorin da kasashe masu tasowa suka yi sakamakon sauyin yanayi da ma burin da ake neman cimmawa wajen rage fitar da iskar Carbon, sai dai duniyarmu daya ce, kuma “yadda ƙasashe masu sukuni za su taimaka wa ƙasashe masu tasowa wajen samun ci gabansu” da ma “yadda ƙasashe masu ci gaba da ƙasashe masu tasowa za su ɗauki mabanbantan nauyi wajen tinkarar sauyin yanayi”, abu ne da ake neman cimmawa wajen daidaita matsalar sauyin yanayi.

Yawan hayaki mai dumama yanayi da ƙasashen Afirka suka fitar ya kai kaso 4% ne kawai na hayaƙin da ake fitarwa a duniya baki daya.

Matsalar sauyin yanayi ta haddasa musu munanan hasarori, ba laifinsu ba ne, don haka, bai kamata ƙasashe masu ci gaba su koma gefe suna kallo ba kawai.

A sa’i ɗaya kuma, a baya kasashen Afirka ba su bunƙasa sosai ba, kuma hayakin da suke fitarwa bai taka kara ya karya ba.

Don haka, a gaba ma bai kamata su ɗauki nauyi iri daya da na ƙasashe masu arziki ba.

Kasancewarta ta biyu a duniya ta fannonin faɗin filaye da ma yawan al’umma a duniya, nahiyar Afirka na taka muhimmiyar rawa wajen tinkarar sauyin yanayin duniya, don haka ma, ya zama dole a fara taimakawa ƙasashen Afirka wajen daidaita batun makamashi.

Yawan wutar lantarki da ake amfani da shi a gaba ɗayan ƙasar Senegal bai kai yawan wutar lantarki da ake amfani shi a na’urorin wasa na zamani a jihar California ta ƙasar Amurka ba, kuma kaso 3% na al’ummar ƙasar Nijeriya suke amfani da na’urar sanyaya ɗaki (Air Conditioner).

A ƙasashen Afirka da ke kudu da hamadar Sahara, akwai mutane kusan miliyan 600 da suke rayuwa ba tare da samun damar yin amfani da wutar lantarki ba.

Ina dalilin haka? Lallai matsalar ƙarancin makamashi da kasashen Afirka ke fuskanta matsala ce ta rashin samun ci gaba.

Don haka, muddin dai ƙasashen Afirka suka tabbatar da ci gabansu da ma damar amfani da makamashi, za su iya samun ƙwarewar fuskantar sauyin yanayi.
Idan har ana son magance matsalar sauyin yanayi, to, ya zama dole a rage yin amfani da makamashin dake fitar da iskar Carbon.

Don haka, a gun taron COP27, ƙasashe masu arziki sun fi mai da hankali a kan shirin samar da iskar gas na ƙasashen Afirka, a maimakon matsalar sauyin yanayi da ke addabar ƙasashen Afirka, har ma sun buƙaci ƙasashen Afirka da su dakatar da yin amfani da albarkatun da suke da su.

Amma abin dariya shi ne a sakamakon rikicin da ya ɓarke tsakanin Rasha da Ukraine, ƙasashen yamma ko kaɗan ba su ambaci abin da ya shafi rage iskar Carbon da suke fitarwa ba, har ma suka koma yin amfani da kwal da katako da suke iya kara fitar da iskar Carbon.

Ƙasashen Afirka suna da hakkin raya kansu da ma kyautata rayuwar al’ummarsu, bai kamata wasu ƙasashe su nuna musu yatsa a kan wannan batu ba, kuma bai kamata su nuna ma’auni biyu ba.

Duk da cewa an cimma daidaito game da kafa asusun biyan hasarorin da aka samu sakamakon sauyin yanayi a gun taron COP27, amma ba a tabbatar da waɗanne ƙasashe ne za su zuba kudaden ba, don haka akwai sauran rina a kaba a fannonin yawan kuɗaɗen da za a tara da ma yadda za a raba kuɗaɗen.

Duk da haka, muna da imanin cewa, a yayin da ake fuskantar sauyin yanayi, ya kamata ƙasa da ƙasa su haɗa kansu, kuma bai kamata a manta da ƙasashen Afirka ba, balle ma a bar su a baya ba.

Mai Fassara: Lubabatu Lei