Yaƙi da zazzaɓin cizon sauro ya sami ƙarin ƙarfafawa bayan amincewar Gwamnatin Tarayya a kwanan nan don amfani da riga-kafin cutar zazzaɓin cizon sauro ga yara.
Masana kimiyya a Jami’ar Oxford ne suka samar da riga-kafin zazzaɓin cizon sauro na R21/Matrix. Amincewar da gwamnati ta yi na riga-kafin ya zo ne kwanaki kaɗan bayan Ghana ta zama ƙasa ta farko da ta amince da riga-kafin, wanda aka ce tana da kashi 80 cikin ɗari. Cibiyar Serum Institute of India Pvt Ltd ce ta ƙera riga-kafin zazzaɓin cizon sauro.
Da ta ke bayyana hakan ga manema labarai a Abuja, Darakta-Janar na Hukumar Kula da Abinci da Magunguna ta Ƙasa (NAFDAC), Farfesa Mojisola Adeyeye, ta bayyana cewa, an yi gwajin allurar riga-kafin da ta yi daidai da tsarin duniya. Kuma sakamakon gwaje-gwajen ya ba da fa’ida, inda gwamnati ta ba da izinin fara amfani da shi a kan yara.
A cewar shugaban NAFDAC, “alurar rigakafin zazzaɓin cizon sauro na R21, allurar rigakafi ce ta furotin da aka gabatar a matsayin maganin zazzaɓi”. Ta ce, an yi allurar rigakafin ga yara daga watanni biyar zuwa watanni 36.
Sabuwar riga-kafin zazzaɓin cizon sauro na R21, a cewar rahotanni, mai yiwuwa ingantaccen sigar wani maganin da ake kira RTS,S ne wanda WHO a watan Oktoban 2021 ta amince da amfani da shi sosai a yankunan da ke da yaɗuwar cutar zazzavin cizon sauro. Hakazalika, hukumar ta WHO ta kuma amince da yin amfani da allurar rigakafin zazzaɓin cizon sauro na RTS,S/ASO1 (RTS,S) a tsakanin yara a yankin Kudu da hamadar sahara da ma sauran yankunan da ke da matsakaitan zazzaɓin cizon sauro na P. falciparum. A cewar rahotanni, shawarar ta samo asali ne daga sakamakon shirin gwaji a Ghana, Kenya da Malawi wanda ya kai fiye da yara 900,000 tun daga shekarar 2019.
Darakta-Janar na WHO, Dr. Tedros Adhanom Ghebreyesus, ya ce, “wannan lokaci ne babba a tarihi. Allurar riga-kafin zazzaɓin cizon sauro da aka daɗe ana jira ga yara wani cigaba ne na kimiyya, lafiyar yara da kuma magance cutar zazzaɓin cizon sauro.” Shugaban na WHO ya yi bayyana cewa amfani da wannan maganin na riga-kafin zazzaɓin cizon sauro na iya ceton dubun dubatar yara a kowace shekara.
Cutar zazzaɓin cizon sauro, ko shakka babu, ita ce farkon sanadin cutar yara da mutuwa a yankin kudu da hamadar Sahara. Sama da yara ‘yan Afirka 260,000 ‘yan qasa da shekaru biyar ne ke mutuwa saboda zazzaɓin cizon sauro a kowace shekara. Wannan na iya bayyana dalilin da ya sa Darakta na yankin na WHO a Afirka, Dokta Matshidiso Moeti, ya bayyana cewa, “tsawon shekaru aru-aru, zazzaɓin cizon sauro ya addabi ƙasashen Afirka, kudu da hamadar Sahara, kuma yana jawo wa mutane wahala matuqa, mun daɗe muna fatan samun ingantaccen maganin zazzaɓin cizon sauro kuma yanzu a karon farko, muna da irin wannan maganin da aka ba da shawarar amfani da shi. Shawarar ta yau tana ba da kyakkyawan fata ga nahiyar da ke ɗaukar mafi nauyi na cutar kuma muna sa ran za a ba da kariya ga yara da yawa na Afirka daga zazzaɓin cizon sauro kuma su girma cikin ƙoshin lafiya.”
Yayin da muke yaba wa amincewar da Gwamnatin Tarayya ta yi na sabon riga-kafin cutar zazzaɓin cizon sauro ga yara, muna ba da shawarar cewa a wara yin gwajin asibiti a Nijeriya kan allurar don tabbatar da cewa ya wadatar don lafiyar yaranmu. Bayan sabon rigakafin cutar zazzaɓin cizon sauro, dole ne gwamnati a dukkan matakai ta sanya hannun jari sosai a fannin kiwon lafiya domin tabbatar da cewa dukkan ‘yan Nijeriya sun samu isassun kiwon lafiya da rahusa.
Rahoton zazzaɓin cizon sauro na duniya na 2022 ya nuna cewa an yi kiyasin mutuwar mutane a sanadin zazzaɓin cizon sauro 619,000 a duniya a shekarar 2021 idan aka kwatanta da 625,000 a farkon shekarar cutar ta COVID-19. Mutuwar a sanadin cutar zazzaɓin cizon sauro ya kai 568,000 kafin ɓarkewar cutar a shekarar 2019. Sai dai kuma cutar zazzaɓin cizon sauro ta ci gaba da aruwa tsakanin shekarar 2020 zuwa 2021 amma a hankali fiye da na shekarar 2019 zuwa 2020. A taƙaice, adadin masu kamuwa da cutar zazzaɓin cizon sauro ya kai miliyan 247 a shekarar 2021 idan aka kwatanta da miliyan 245 a 2020 da miliyan 232 a 2019.
Abin takaici, yankin Afirka na WHO yana ci gaba da xaukar kaso mai yawa na nauyin zazzaɓin cizon sauro a duniya. Yankin dai ya kasance gida ne da kusan kashi 95 cikin 100 na masu kamuwa da cutar zazzaɓin cizon sauro da kuma kashi 96 na mace-macen maza masu juna biyu a sanadin zazzaɓin cizon sauro a shekarar 2021. Yara ’yan qasa da shekaru biyar sun kai kusan kashi 80 cikin 100 a yankin.
Nijeriya da wasu ƙasashen Afirka uku ne ke da fiye da rabin adadin mace-macen a sanadin zazzaɓin cizon sauro a duniya: Nijeriya (kashi 31.3), Jamhuriyar Demokraɗiyyar Kongo (kashi 12.6), Jamhuriyar Tanzaniya (kashi 4.1) da Nijar (kashi 3.9). . Don haka muna kira ga gwamnati da ta ƙara himma wajen samun nasara a yaƙin da ake yi da zazzaɓin cizon sauro.